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Studying and Observing Gamma Irradiated Seed Germination: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction to Gamma Radiation (GRa) and Seed Germination (SG) Gamma radiation (GRa), is short wavelength and high energy electromagnetic radiation which is one of the most penetrating types of radiation. GRa is

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The Unexpected Challenges of Wild Desert Plants in a Changing Environment

Introduction Wild desert plants (WDPs) are known for their environmentally friendly nature and can adapt under  various harsh environmental  conditions. But recently it has been reported that these wild species face many

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A Virologist’s Journey: Self-Treatment of Cancer with Lab-Grown Viruses

Introduction to a Unique Treatment Approach In a groundbreaking and controversial approach, famous virologist Beata Halassy turned to her research oncolyptic virotherapy (OVT) for a personal battle against cancer. Utilizing viruses cultivated

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Understanding Agriculture, Horticulture, and the Role of AI

Defining Agriculture Agriculture is the art and science of crop production, land cultivation, and animal rearing for  fiber, food and other products for enhancing humain life. This vast field covers a variety

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Understanding FASTA Format in Bioinformatics

What is FASTA Format (FF)? FASTA in bioinformatics is a text-based format for representing protein or nucleotide sequences. FF has numerous application, including multiple sequence alignment and gene prediction. Each sequence in

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Understanding Motif Finder for Protein Domain Identification in Genome-Wide Analysis

What is Motif Finder (MF)? Motif Finder (MF) is an important bioinformatics tool to identify and characterize specific sequence patterns, known as motifs, within protein sequences. These motifs are used  for the

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Comparative Analysis of Okra Production and Export: China vs. Pakistan

Overview of Okra Production Globally Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus), is cultivated in many countries across tropical and subtropical regions. This green podded plant is not only known for its culinary versatility but

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Seminar on Vegetable Exports, Quality Control and Procedures

Introduction to the Seminar For Registration https://forms.gle/9d5PkMXmnrdvVgjR6 The Pakistan Horticulture Development and Export Company, in collaboration with the Department of Horticulture at the Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore

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Understanding Classical and Quantum Physics

Defining Physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, energy, and their interaction. It helps and seeks to understand how the universe behaves and the laws governing physical phenomena. Physics can

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Understanding Japan’s Standards for Citrus Import

Introduction to Japan’s Citrus Import Standards Japan is known for its import strict regulations and has established comprehensive standards and guidelines for the import of citrus fruits. These standards are good for

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