Abdullah RAZZAQ Department of Horticulture University of the Punab Lahore Pakistan Introduction to International Standards International standards for horticultural crops are essential guidelines that govern the global trade of fruits, vegetables, flowers,
Read MoreAbstract Agricultural sustainability is at the heart of global food security, especially in the face of climate change, resource depletion, and a rapidly growing population. Advances in crop biotechnology, particularly through gene
Read MoreAbstract Gene editing and genetic modification have become central to modern agricultural biotechnology, revolutionizing crop improvement strategies worldwide. While both technologies aim to enhance agricultural productivity and food security, they differ significantly
Read MoreWhat is CRD? CRD, or Custom Resource Definition, is a powerful feature found in Kubernetes. It allows users to extend Kubernetes capabilities by defining their own resources. By utilizing CRD, developers can
Read MoreMolar Solution (Molarity, M) in MS Media A molar solution contains 1 mole of solute dissolved in 1 liter (L) of solution. In the context of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium,
Read MoreIntroduction to Media Preparation In plant tissue culture (PTC), the media preparation is the major event. The growth regulators and the nutrient medium must be formulated correctly to support plant tissue development.
Read MoreUnderstanding Plant Tissue Culture Plant tissue culture is a sophisticated technique that allows for the growth of plant cells in a controlled environment. This method is widely used for propagation, preservation, and
Read MoreIntroduction to Auxin and PIN Proteins Auxin plays a significant role in various developmental processes, including cell elongation, root formation, and responses to environmental stimuli. The interaction between auxin and PIN proteins
Read MoreIntroduction to Auxin Concentrations in Wheat Understanding the effects of different auxin concentrations on plant growth is crucial, especially in challenging environments. The ‘Galaxy’ variety of wheat has been the focus of
Read MoreFruit Set Fruit set is an important process in the reproductive cycle of plants, marking the transition from the ovary to the developing fruit after successful pollination and fertilization. This stage is
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